According to Softwareleverage.org, San Luis Potosí is a state in Mexico, located in the northern part of the central part of the republic and borders the Mexican states of Jalisco, Guanajuato, Queretaro, Hidalgo, Veracruz, Tamaulipas, Nuevo Leon, Coahuila and Zacatecas, making it the state with the most borders to neighboring states. Most of the state is located on the Mexican plateau, but in the east it stops at the tropical valley of the Tampaon River.
In addition to the capital San Luis Potosí, the cities of Ciudad Valles, Matehuala, Tamazunchale and Ríoverde are also located in the state.
The residents of the state are, among others, the indigenous peoples Huasteks and Chichimeks. In the pre-Columbian period (ca. 10,000 BCE), the area was populated by the Otomi, Guachichile, and Chicimeca tribes, who were nomadic hunter-gatherers. Although most of the natives died during the Spanish settlements, Huasteco groups still live with pame and náhuatl, however, their number is considerably smaller today.
In the 17th and 18th centuries, Franciscans, Augustinians and Jesuits arrived in the area and settled. They began building churches and buildings, many of which still stand today, as museums and universities.
TIMELINE:
1592 – Gold and silver deposits are discovered, leading to the founding of the state. Spanish miners established the first city known as ” San Luis de Mezquitique “, which today is the modern city of San Luis Potesi. The first mayor of the city was named Juan de Oñate. He became the first Spanish governor of New Mexico from 1598-1608. He had a reputation for being a serious and relentless ruler over both the Spanish colonists and the native population.
1826 – The first constitution of the state is written on October 16, until 1835, when Congress proclaims it centralist.
1821-57 – After the end of the Mexican War of Independence, the country is largely divided, in an attempt to recover from more than 10 years of fighting. During this period, 50 different governments ruled, of which included dictatorships, constitutional republican governments and a monarchy.
1836 – On April 21, General Santa Anna loses the Battle of San Jacinto and is captured the next day. A few days later, he signed the peace treaty that ended the war between Texas and Mexico. As a result, the new independent state of the Republic of Texas was created.
1846-47 – The state participates in the Mexican-American War.
1853 – In December, General Santa Anna selects an unnamed poem written by Gonzales Bocanegra for Mexico’s national anthem. The poet died in 1861 and was buried in Mexico City.
SONORA
Sonora is the second largest state in northwestern Mexico, but is sparsely populated. To the east it shares the border with the Mexican state of Chihuahua, to the south Sinaloa and to the northwest Baja California. To the north, Sonora shares a border with Arizona in the United States, to the west is the Gulf of California, also known as the Cortez Sea.
The capital is called Hermosillo and another major city is Guaymas. A smaller town that is popular with tourists is Puerto Peñasco.
The Sonoran Desert covers much of the state, in addition to southern Arizona. The state is mountainous, dry and sunny almost all year round. Virtually all of Mexico’s copper is produced here.
Culturally, Sonora offers a unique blend of ancient societies dating back to 1500 BCE. The largest groups that exist today are Yaqui and Mayo, who flourished around 1300 EVT and established an agricultural community. Both groups were territorial and aggressively defended their communities against nomadic tribes wandering throughout the area. Another group that remains active is the Cucapas tribe. Sonora is also influenced by American trends and fashion trends. Yaqui inhabited the eastern part of Sonora near Mar de Cortés. The Mayans lived primarily in the southern part of the state and established an important cultural center in what is today the city of Guyamas.
TIMELINE:
1963 – Mexico’s largest island, Tiburón Island, off the coast of Punta Chueca in Sonora, is turned into a nature reserve by President López Mateos. The island has the largest diversity of plant and animal species in the Cortez Sea. It is home to a large variety of bird species, reptiles, bighorn sheep, cage deer and desert turtles.
